He’s Not Just James Franco’s Brother, Bro

In 6 Balloons (2018), Seth is writhing in pain. He has dark circles around his eyes, his cheeks are sunken, accentuating strong cheek bones, and sweat is coming out from every pore of his body. Seth is a heroin addict, and he needs to shoot up to curb the pain. He pleads with his sister, Katie, to drive him to his dealer to score some drugs. He just needs enough to sustain him until she can drop him off at the detox center for a 10-day cleanse. She agrees to get his drugs; it’s hard to argue with a screaming, vomiting heroin addict. All of this takes place in Katie’s car with Seth’s young daughter watching from the back seat. While this is a scene in a film, this scenario may hit close to home for anyone who has a family member struggling with heroin addiction. And what actor should be tasked to convey a message about the struggles of heroin addiction?

Dave Franco plays Seth in 6 Balloons, and Abbi Jacobson plays Katie. Director and writer Marja-Lewis Ryan gave Franco and Jacobson, who are both known for their comedic roles, the opportunity to test the waters with a drama film. There are moments of comedy in the film, but 6 Balloons is straight drama. The banter between Seth and Katie highlight the brother-sister dynamic, and the two actors’ experience with comedy play up the reality of the scene. The back and forth between the two characters is lighthearted, but the playfulness of it is just a thin veil over the true nature of Seth’s struggle with heroin. When Franco isn’t squirming after coming down from a high, he’s putting his daughter’s life at risk from spinning her around too hard while he is high. The actor has come a long way from the macho, frat boy roles that defined him in Hollywood.

“Even though I knew that it was gonna be hard, I figured that the movie was small enough that, if it didn’t work, then it would just disappear and no one would see it,” Franco said in an interview with Collider. “Best case scenario, people would start to see me in a different way and recognize that I can do things, outside of comedy.”

Dave Franco is the younger brother of Tom and James Franco. James, having been an established actor long before Dave made his acting debut, may have actually made it more difficult for Dave to break through in Hollywood. In an interview with GQ, the younger Franco said he had seen himself going in to teaching, specifically creative writing. James’ manager, however, had plans of his own. He took the younger Franco to a theater class and Dave stuck with it. For Dave, it was a matter of becoming his own person rather than living off of his older brother’s legacy. And Dave has been open about the opinions people may have of him because of his connection.

“From the beginning of my career, I made a conscious decision to separate myself from him work-wise because I didn’t want to be referred to as James Franco’s little brother for the rest of my life,” Franco said in an interview with Vanity Fair.

An added difficulty for Dave may be his uncanny resemblance to James. Dave made his television acting debut in 2006 as Benjamin Bainsworth in 7th Heaven. Looking at him in that role, it wouldn’t be hard to imagine that someone would think they had seen his face before. Wait, is that the kid from Freaks and Geeks? He really looks like Norman Osborne from Spider-Man. James and Dave look alike, but their faces convey two drastically different personalities. With James, you get the feeling that he’s up to something. His smile is more of a smirk, and he kind of looks like the guy who would sell you marijuana in the alley behind his art school. Dave, on the other hand, looks like he gets in to a different kind of trouble. If James was the stoner in high school, then Dave was the high school jock who would shove the stoner into his own locker. And that face really translated well for his role as Cole Aaronson in season nine of the show Scrubs.

Cole is arrogant and immature, and he has an affinity for referring to people as “bro” and “dude.” He’s a medical student and acts like a brat because his dad paid for the hospital he’s working at to be built. Even with his despicable qualities, Cole quickly became a fan favorite character. His character is shown to actually care about his patients, and his relationship with an older doctor, who acts as his mentor, shows that Cole is only off-putting because of his insecurities towards showing his true feelings. Despite the show going through a complete change in its final season, Scrubs found a win in Franco’s character. It’s hard to picture any other actor saying lines such as, “Lucy, it’s not cancer-cancer. That kind of cancer is for uglies and dudes who keep laptops on their balls.” For a time, the role solidified the types of roles Franco would play in Hollywood—bros who can be sweet if you just get to know them.

Scrubs was a hit for Franco, and Franco had the chance to hone his comedic chops while on the show. Scrubs, however, wasn’t the biggest comedy show of its time and didn’t have as wide an audience as other shows may have. Since Scrubs was drastically different in its final season due to its casting changes, the show had its lowest viewership ever. Franco had minor roles in films such as Charlie St. Cloud (2010) with Zac Efron and Fright Night (2011) with Colin Farrell. In 2012, Franco hit a big break with the film 21 Jump Street, a remake of the 1987 television show of the same name, starring Channing Tatum and Jonah Hill.

21 Jump Street takes the typical high school movie tropes and updates it for the 21st century. Smart kids aren’t necessarily nerds and they aren’t bullied. 21 Jump Street is a film where someone who looks like Channing Tatum has trouble assimilating in a high school setting and where someone who looks like Jonah Hill can excel. It’s interesting, then, how Dave Franco, who’s more Tatum than Hill, fits into this scenario. Franco plays Eric, an attractive, intelligent high school student who also happens to be selling drugs. The film couldn’t make Franco ugly, so they made him smart instead.

The film makes Franco’s character likable by having him be friendly with Hill’s character. But Franco’s character also reveals distasteful actions through his interactions with Tatum’s character whom he looks down on for being more brawn than brains. As the film progresses, the audience learns that Eric is loyal and caring, even if he is a condescending drug dealer. When the film finds Eric confronting a gang of angry bikers, he is revealed to be insecure despite his status in high school. His insecurity is a characteristic that the audience can connect with and relate to thereby making Eric’s character even more likable despite some more unsavory traits. In terms of comedy, Eric has memorable lines such as, “organized sports are so fascist it makes me sick” and “you know what happens to a guy like me in jail? It rhymes with grape! It rhymes with grape.” It’s Franco’s delivery and timing that makes his character so amusing. There is also a sort of irony that arises from watching a handsome guy talk about saving the environment and having his friends think he’s cool and sexy for doing so.

In Franco’s next hit, Neighbors starring Seth Rogen and Zac Efron, his character is a college fraternity brother whose shenanigans with Efron’s character terrorizes a young couple living next to their fraternity house. Franco’s character, Pete, is an antagonist, but only because he is loyal to his best friend, Efron’s character Teddy. Pete participates in a prank war because he feels like Teddy was betrayed by the neighbors for calling the police on the fraternity to shut down its party. In subsequent scenes, Pete tries to help Teddy find a job for after graduation because unlike Teddy, Pete knows that there is a life to live after graduation. These acts of kindness, however, do not overshadow the fact that Pete acts like a stereotypical fraternity brother who parties a little too hard and acts inappropriately around women. He may not be as loud and devious as Teddy, but he still has the same Greek life mindset of what Teddy calls “bros before hoes.”

Franco reprises his roles in his biggest hits’ sequels, 22 Jump Street (2014) and Neighbors 2 (2016), with cameos. In 22 Jump Street, Franco’s character Eric is in prison following his arrest for selling drugs. It’s shown that his cellmate, who was the main antagonist of the first film, is taking advantage of him. Eric pleads for the help of Tatum and Hill’s characters, but in keeping with his character’s persona, also comedically insults the two for putting him in jail in the first place. The biggest character development for a Franco character comes in Neighbors 2, where Franco’s Eric is revealed to be gay and engaged. In the first Neighbors, Franco’s Pete is depicted as a heterosexual male and there are no inklings that he may be gay. Furthermore, he’s left all the debauchery from his fraternity days in the past and is assimilating into the working man’s world. Eric still provides humor in the film, but his jokes and gags aren’t as immature as they were in the first film, and they are even more family friendly than his roles in other films. Is Dave Franco growing up, not only in real life, but in his film roles too?

Interestingly, Franco looks not much older today than he did in Scrubs in 2006. While the characters he plays are progressively getting older, Franco looks exactly the same. Same bushy eyebrows, same boyish smile, same strong bone structure. So when he showed up in the Netflix anthology series Easy (2016) playing a full-fledged adult with a job and long-term girlfriend, viewers weren’t sure what to make of the actor who could still pull off looking like a high school student. But it’s the three episodes of Easy that Franco stars in that websites like Decider are calling the best ones of the series. Franco plays Jeff who works at a coffee roastery with a passion for brewing beer. Over the course of three episodes, Jeff and his brother turn their underground beer company into a full-fledged brewery with a cult following. The series shows Jeff as an average guy with large aspirations—it’s not easy brewing beer from your garage, but he makes it work and makes a decent amount of money off of it. Jeff is smart and caring, but still slightly immature. His brother is an office worker with a pregnant wife living in a typical middle-class home, and Jeff, who still enjoys smoking marijuana, lives in a rundown home with his girlfriend whom he accidentally impregnates. The show, however, doesn’t disregard Jeff as some loser with unattainable dreams; instead, Jeff is shown to be dedicated to the craft of beer and the scenes he shares with his girlfriend, played by Zazie Beetz, show a lovingness that makes it impossible not to root for the guy. Even when he has a tiff with his brother regarding the future of the brewery and steals a relic from their place of work, the audience has enough empathy for Jeff that his actions may seem justified. As this is a Dave Franco piece of work, Jeff has the tendency to refer to everyone as “dude” or “man.”

In 2017, Franco’s personal and professional careers both reached maturity. He married his long-time girlfriend, and fellow actor, Alison Brie, whom he started dating in 2012. And the day before their wedding, The Disaster Artist premiered at South by Southwest film festival. Directed and starring James Franco, The Disaster Artist (2016) was met with critical acclaim with early buzz about an Academy Award nomination for the older Franco. Ironically, the film is based on the “best worst film” ever made called The Room (2003). In the film, the older Franco plays Tommy Wiseau, an eccentric filmmaker with the desire to make the best film possible regardless of cost. The younger Franco plays Greg Sesteros, an aspiring actor uncomfortable with himself, who gets swept up in Wiseau’s incredibly absurd scheme. The film, while a true story, parallels the life of the Franco brothers. James’s Wiseau is comfortable with himself and his methods even when others question his sanity, and Dave’s Sesteros is still struggling in acting classes and needs to discover who he is as an actor and where he fits into the world that Wiseau seems to have a foot in already. The younger Franco admitted to wanting to distance himself from James, but when he figured out the underlying message of the film—working hard to produce something you’re proud of regardless of other people’s opinions—he was onboard. Sesteros isn’t unlike the characters Franco had played in the past: naïve, but loyal. If Franco has found his niche in Hollywood and plays it with such authenticity, then is it safe to assume that his roles blur the line between real life and art?

In interviews, Franco is noticeably softer spoken than any of the characters he’s played in the past. During interviews with his brother on the press tour for The Disaster Artist, it’s quite obvious how his brother dominates conversations leaving the younger Franco with few lines and mostly head nods. He manages to keep his personal life personal. Media outlets didn’t know he had married Brie until much later, and more shockingly, some people didn’t even know that the two were dating, especially not for six years. In contrast, Franco’s brother has always seemed to find himself in the spotlight. The younger Franco rarely appears in tabloids, and the star does not have a social media presence. He remains lowkey in his endeavors and usually only appears in the spotlight when he has to promote his work. This may explain his recent undertaking with his older brother.

In 2017, the Franco brothers founded the production company Ramona Films. As a production company, the brothers can create the films they want and not have to star in it. This stays in line with the way that the younger Franco operates—keeping his personal presence to a minimum while making films he enjoys. If it’s any indication of how Franco is evolving, then his turn as a heroin addict in 6 Balloons shows that Franco is ready to tackle films that may fulfill him as an actor. And by the way critics have been praising Franco’s transition to drama, it appears that he may be on the right career path. In his 6 Balloons review for The Hollywood Reporter, John Frosch writes, “And though drugged-out desperation is a familiar beat to play, Franco brings his own boyishly needy edge to the role. We get why Katie has such a hard time practicing the ‘tough’ half of ‘tough love’ with him.” Franco was born with boyish good looks, and he uses this feature to give his characters a dimension they may not have had with another actor.

Currently, Franco has two films in post-production, Zeroville and If Beale Street Could Talk. Zeroville, starring Seth Rogen and James Franco, will be a comedy-drama with a cast of highly-praised comedic actors such as Will Ferrell and Danny McBride. The younger Franco plays Montgomery Clift, a Golden-Age movie star who The New York Times described as a “moody, sensitive actor who often played moody, sensitive young men on the screen.” While Franco hasn’t given any indication that he may be moody, both Franco and Clift seem to have played characters that drew on the actual person’s personalities. How Franco will fare in Zeroville is yet to be seen, but his roles in The Disaster Artist and 6 Balloons may indicate that Franco has more range than playing the cool guy in school. Franco continues his drama streak with an undisclosed role in the film adaption of James Baldwin’s If Beale Street Could Talk. In a film about racial tension, it’s hard to tell if Franco will portray a good guy or bad guy. Franco has yet to delve into a serious villain role, so audiences may be shocked to see what director Barry Jenkins will do with him.

Dave Franco entered the celebrity stratosphere in his 20s with the unavoidable label of “James Franco’s brother.” Through his evolution as an actor and the roles he’s taken on, it may be safe to say that the younger Franco has outgrown being the celebrity’s brother and has made his own name in Hollywood. If you get past the boyish good looks, then you can find a serious actor with a passion for film and television. He has kept his personal life private enough to let any discussion about him be mainly about his work as an actor. We may again see Franco back in high school or college, but that may be too beneath him considering where he’s accomplished so far. People will continue to refer to him as James Franco’s brother, but as Dave Franco’s filmography increases, then we may find that having two Francos in the industry may not be a bad thing.

Malcolm Young, AC/DC Guitarist and Co-Founder, Dead at 64

Malcolm Young, whose electrifying guitar riffs propelled Australian rock band AC/DC into rock and roll stardom, died Saturday at 64. Young, who cofounded the band with his younger brother, and lead guitarist, Angus, had been dealing with dementia for several years.

Young was regarded as one of the best rhythm guitarists by those in the rock and roll industry.

“As far as rhythm guitarist players are concerned, there’s James [Hetfield of Metallica, there’s me, there’s Malcolm Young and there’s Rudolf Schenker [of Scorpion],” Megadeth front man Dave Mustaine once said, “There’s no one else that touches the four of us. We’re the fantastic four.”
Members of AC/DC also acknowledged Young’s contribution to the band.

“As his brother it is hard to express in words what he has meant to me during my life, the bond we had was unique and very special,” Angus said in a statement. “He leaves behind an enormous legacy that will live on forever. Malcolm, job well done.”

The Young brothers’ different guitar styles created the band’s iconic unrestrained, rowdy sound. While Angus captured most of the attention with his schoolboy uniform, exhilarating stage presence, and quick-fingered guitar playing, it was Malcolm who created the backbone of the band, both in terms of music and business. The two are credited as writers on every AC/DC song since the band’s inception in 1973, but it was Malcolm who came up with some of the band’s most iconic riffs including the opening of one of their biggest songs, “Back in Black,” which can still be heard in countless movie and television soundtracks today. Songs such as “Whole Lotta Rosie,” “If You Want Blood (You Got It),” and “Riff Raff” capture Young’s iconic playing style. In a genre where some believe more guitar distortion leads to a more rock and roll sound, Malcolm’s sound is still heavy, but clean. Each chord rings out with clarity, and it is the power of Malcolm’s right hand that adds the intensity and heft to every AC/DC song.

Malcolm Mitchell Young was born on Jan. 6, 1953 in Glasgow before the family emigrated to Sydney, Australia. While Malcolm and Angus would go on to find musical greatness, the family’s first taste of celebrity came on behalf of their older brother George. George was a cofounder of the Easybeats, once dubbed Australia’s response to The Beatles, and a few international hits caused fans to swarm the Young household. This newfound stardom inspired Malcolm to start his own band, and he asked his brother Angus to join him.

AC/DC became the band’s name after the brothers’ sister Margaret noticed a sign on her sewing machine that said “AC/DC.” Angus adopted AC/DC as their band name because he thought its meaning, alternate and direct electrical current, accurately described the band’s sound. The band’s first album, “High Voltage,” was released in 1975 and was produced by George Young. Fronted by Bon Scott, AC/DC found success with rebellious messages about sex, drugs and alcohol.

“Bon was the biggest single influence on the band. When he came in, it pulled us all together,” Malcolm said. “He had that real stick-it-to-’em attitude. We all had it in us, but it took Bon to bring it out.”

AC/DC consistently released an album a year with Scott—”T.N.T.” (1975), “Dirty Deeds Done Dirt Cheap” (1976), “Let There Be Rock” (1977), “Powerage” (1978), and “Highway to Hell” (1979)—before the front man died of alcohol poisoning in 1980. The band members considered calling it quits, but it was Malcolm who pushed everyone to get back together and pay tribute to their late friend.

“We were back in London, and me and Angus were just sitting around doing virtually nothing. I wasn’t even playing my guitar,” Malcolm said. “And, eventually, we said, ‘Let’s just get together for the sake of ourselves, it doesn’t matter but at least we can play our guitars together and try to get through it.’”

The band came up with most of the music for the album, which would become “Back in Black” (1980), before looking for a new singer. Malcolm and Angus decided on singer Brian Johnson. Reflecting on Johnson’s hiring, the brothers said they were looking for someone who could carry on Scott’s legacy without imitating him. As of 2018, “Back in Black” is the sixth best-selling album in U.S. history.

Young’s tenure with AC/DC was not always without a hitch. Before the band went on tour to promote its “Blow Up Your Video” (1988) album, Young went on hiatus to deal with his alcoholism. Angus had convinced him to take a leave of absence by referring the death of Scott. Stevie Young, Malcolm’s nephew, took over as rhythm guitarist on tour. Malcolm later became sober and was back on the next album, “The Razors Edge” (1990).

Ever since “The Razors Edge,” the Young brothers have written all of the band’s songs. Johnson later disclosed that he felt too much pressure coming up with an album’s worth of lyrics.

In 2003, AC/DC was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Aerosmith’s Steven Tyler called the band’s command of the power chord as the “thunder from down under that gives you the second most powerful surge that can flow through your body.”

In 2008, the band released its first album in eight years, “Black Ice.” Angus later revealed that Malcolm was having trouble with his memory and concentration during the Black Ice World Tour, which ended in 2010. Four years later, AC/DC announced that Young would be retiring from the band due to health issues, later revealed to be dementia. Stevie Young took over for his uncle on the recording of the band’s 2014 album “Rock or Bust.”
“Mal kept doing what he could until he couldn’t do it anymore, but I have all the material he was working on,” Angus said in an interview with Guitar Player. “There were a lot of riffs, ideas, and bits of choruses. The songwriting process didn’t really change, except for the fact that Mal wasn’t physically there.”

Young is survived by his wife, O’Linda, children, Cara and Ross, his brother Angus, a sister, and three grandchildren.

Gregory Peck: When Man Becomes Legend

Eldred Gregory Peck figured he would be a doctor. He attended the University of California, Berkeley and majored in English as a pre-medical student. But Peck didn’t have any real aspirations. He dabbled here and there, but Peck couldn’t find a place to fit in at Berkeley. It’s possible that his not fitting in is what got him interested in acting.

On a stroll through campus, Peck was approached by James Fitzgerald. Fitzgerald was directing a production of Moby Dick and asked Peck to audition for the role of Starbuck. Fitzgerald’s interest in Peck was his stature. Peck, standing at over 6 feet, would accentuate the physical difference between Ahab, who was short and stout, and Starbuck, the captain’s first mate. The casting led to Peck’s involvement with Little Theater, an extracurricular group that staged theater productions at Berkeley. Peck’s acting was weak at first, but his passion for the art developed and so did his talent. He graduated from university and traveled to New York to make a career out of acting. Eldred Gregory Peck would become Gregory Peck.

There’s something about Gregory Peck. He had chiseled features and a stern face. But when he cracked a smile, he had the face of a loving father. His baritone voice added to his maturity. It was deep and commanding, yet warm and humane. The man made a presence on Broadway. Despite being in three unsuccessful Broadway shows, Peck’s performances stood out enough for him to be cast in films. And of course he stood out amongst his peers. Gregory Peck looked like leading man material.

Peck’s first film was Days of Glory (1944), in which he plays a brave Russian guerilla fighting Nazis to defend his homeland. Casey Robinson, the film’s writer and producer, had decided to hire relatively unknown actors for the film to add an illusion of authenticity, similar to Christopher Nolan’s decision to cast new faces for Dunkirk (2017). But as demonstrated by both films, new faces can lead to lucky breaks. Despite the New York Times writing, “Gregory Peck comes recommended with a Gary Cooper angularity and a face somewhat like that modest gentleman’s, but his acting is equally stiff,” he was immediately seen as a star.

Peck was disappointed by his own performance in Days of Glory. But in the same year that Days of Glory was released, Peck proved he was more than a pretty face. In The Keys of the Kingdom (1944), Peck played a good-hearted priest who sticks to his principles even in times of adversity. As a missionary in China, Peck’s character, Father Chisholm, sees people as they are. Peck played Chisholm as a man with a deep understanding of his own spirituality, so much so that he can even accept those who choose not to convert to his faith. In one scene, Father Chisholm is by the death bed of his non-believer friend Willie. Chisholm does not pressure the dying man to convert and lets his friend die on his own terms. As he lay dying, Willie thanks the father for not trying to “bully me in to heaven.” This line exemplifies Chisholm’s character whose nobility had put him at odds with his church. He converts men only if they are true believers. His conversion rate, which is one of the lowest in the world, does not influence Chisholm to convert those who would only do it for their own greedy benefit. Peck projected his soul in to his character, and the inability to distinguish where Peck’s character traits end and where Chisholm’s begin led to Peck’s first Academy Award nomination.

Peck was a good man. In reality and in film, the actor had a heart, and his characters’ goodness was often put to the test under extreme pressure. Peck did not want to be typecast, and his desire to stay independent led him to refuse lucrative long-term contracts with major studios. Enter Duel in the Sun. From the moment Peck’s character Lewt was introduced, the audience knew they were seeing a new side of Gregory Peck. The audience had already been introduced to Lewt’s brother who was cordial and gentle. Lewt, on the other hand, is crass and vulgar. The camera lingers on Lewt’s face as he meets the film’s protagonist Pearl. In this scene, Pearl, acting as the stand-in for the audience, reacts with mouth agape in the presence of a Peck that none have seen before. Lewt’s lustful eyes size Pearl up, and he speaks with a perverted confidence that later manifests into wanton sexual advances.

Lewt is bad; he has no redeemable qualities. For once, the audience saw a disheveled and dirty Peck. Even as a soldier in Days of Glory, Peck’s appearance rarely looked unkempt. At times his hair was a little out of place and his face was dirtied and bruised, but in Duel in the Sun, Peck is filthy. He looks like the man your mother warned you about but has a look that only makes women want him more. The audience desires Peck’s character but feels shameful for wanting him. Peck’s role let the audience know that he was more than the characters he had played in the past.

He did return to the good-guy character in The Gentlemen’s Agreement (1947) playing a journalist, Phil, battling antisemitism through his work. Peck once said in an interview, “I don’t think I could stay interested for a couple of months in a character of mean motivation.” Phil, although reluctant at first to write an article on antisemitism, learns how drastic the problem of bigotry is when he pretends to be Jewish. Like Father Chisholm in The Keys of the Kingdom, Phil puts the greater good before his own wishes. His disgust of bigotry outweighs his love for a woman who herself has displayed bigoted actions. The good Gregory Peck has returned.

The good Gregory Peck could still step in to roles that audiences were not expecting. This happened in Roman Holiday (1953) where Peck plays a journalist who goes on a whirlwind adventure with a princess played by Audrey Hepburn. Roman Holiday played out like a classic romantic comedy that still had a Gregory Peck character who had to choose between his own desires and what is right. Should his character betray Hepburn’s character and write an exclusive about her, or should he let her have her peace? Being a Gregory Peck film, the choice is obviously the latter. Peck’s character is charming, and at times it is difficult to differentiate the actor from the character. At the start of his career, Peck was seen as the new Cary Grant, and with Roman Holiday, Peck had found himself in a role that would have gone to Grant if he were 10 years younger. Behind the scenes, Peck was just as admirable. Hepburn was a new face in Hollywood, so she was given lower billing. After being impressed by her performance, Peck demanded she receive equal billing.

In 1962, Peck took on the role of Sam Bowden, a lawyer responsible for the imprisonment of rapist Max Cady in Cape Fear (1962). After Cady’s release, he makes it his mission to terrorize Bowden and his family. The thriller finds Peck taking on the role of a character who has to turn to drastic measures to protect his family. As Cady becomes increasingly menacing, Bowden forgoes morality and sets out to eliminate his terrorizer for good. It is an interesting turn for Peck who had mostly stuck to staying within the lines of human decency. Now his character was hiring goons to take out his enemy and plotting murder schemes. Interestingly, in Martin Scorsese’s remake of Cape Fear (1991), Peck makes a cameo as a lawyer who sets out to sabotage the Bowden character who is played by Nick Nolte.

Peck had another movie coming out the year Cape Fear was released. It was the film that would define his career. As Atticus Finch in To Kill a Mockingbird, Peck became the hero that the audience had always seen him as. Peck played a white lawyer tasked with defending a black man accused of raping a white woman. “What kind of many are you?” Bob Ewell, the victim’s father, asks Finch. He doesn’t answer him. But the audience learns what kind of man he is; he is a man who believes that all men are created equal. In his riveting closing statement, Peck delivers a powerful declaration that has influenced generations of people to rise above the injustices of society. The bass of his voice echoes through the courtroom and is delivered in a manner that makes one question whether this is Finch speaking or Peck. He stands erect, and there is frustration and anger in his voice. In this moment, he is the pinnacle of justice. And when he mentions the integrity of the courts and jury, Finch is slightly slumped as if he is carrying the burden of the justice system on his back. A man became a legend.

In a 1974 interview with the LA Times, Peck said the satisfaction of acting comes “when I have a part where I can communicate with people, touching their emotions and giving them something to walk away from the theater with, something to remember in the way of human experience. The parts that came off best for me were those where the action became secondary or even unimportant, but where I could identify with the character I was portraying.” Peck and the characters he played were usually very similar. There was almost always a clear distinction between right and wrong in a Gregory Peck film and leave it to Peck’s character to choose the ride side. Peck did deviate from the good guy persona in some of the roles he picked, and Peck’s own vices came to light eventually; he had an affair with Ingrid Bergman, his costar in Spellbound (1945). Nonetheless, Peck led a fairly honorable life. He was a staunch Democrat and humanitarian. He was one of many Hollywood liberals who opposed President Reagan’s nomination of Judge Robert H. Bork, a conservative, to the Supreme Court. Peck also supported the arts as a member of the National Council of the Arts.

Behind the bespectacled face of Atticus Finch, was a man who knew right from wrong. Peck brought humanity to the characters he portrayed. The 1960s were a time of racial injustice and prejudice, and Peck’s acting showed audiences that compassion could overcome hardship. He was a beacon of hope for a generation plagued by hate. After years of being uncertain with what he wanted to do in life, Peck found something that fulfilled him and audiences. Most importantly, Peck wanted to entertain. And entertain he did.

Craving for a Braising

On Christmas Day, I want my home to smell like meat, not mistletoe. My family hosted a Christmas party last year, and I volunteered to cook. Searching for meal ideas, I came across an article on Bon Appétit’s website called, “Wine-Braised Short Ribs, Meet Our Friend Pasta.” I would say that pasta is a good friend of mine, and I wanted my good friend to meet something as beautiful as wine-braised short ribs.

I was new to braising, but I was drawn to the idea of letting something cook on its own while I did nothing. The recipe was simple—braise the short ribs, shred the meat, create a ragù, boil the pasta, and combine. Most of the ingredients were pantry staples such as canned tomatoes, tomato paste, and beef stock, so I just had to get garlic, carrots, onions, short ribs, and a bottle of dry red wine.

The recipe called for English-style short ribs where the ribs are cut parallel to the bone. While none of the short ribs at my supermarket were labeled “English-style,” most supermarkets usually only have English-style short ribs as opposed to flanken style, which is cut thinly across the bone. Flanken-style short ribs are common in Korean barbecue and are grilled for around five minutes; English-style short ribs are perfect for braising because each rib has a large chunk of meat that breaks down over time.

On Christmas Day, I started cooking before the guests arrived. First, I seasoned the short ribs with a heavy dose of salt and pepper. I added a layer of canola oil to the bottom of a Dutch oven, and I seared each side of the short ribs until brown. I knew my guests were in for a treat as soon as I smelled the beefy char. Once the short ribs were done it was time to build the flavor of what would eventually be the ragù. I removed the short ribs, which looked delicious from the outside, and set them aside. I started cooking chopped garlic, carrots, and onions with the leftover juices and bits from the short ribs.

While my vegetables were cooking, I poured a can of whole tomatoes into a bowl and crushed them by hand. This created a chunky consistency with varying textures that I wouldn’t have gotten from pre-crushed tomatoes. I squeezed a generous amount of tomato paste into the vegetables, and stirred until the mixture turned brick red.

I popped the cork off a bottle of red wine—I chose cabernet sauvignon because that’s what came up when I Googled “dry red wine”—and poured half the bottle in with the vegetables.
I replaced the short ribs bone side up into the Dutch oven along with the crushed tomatoes and a couple splashes of beef stock. I placed the lid on the pot, put it in the 350-degree oven, and set a timer for two and a half hours. For that time I was able to enjoy the Christmas party while the short ribs braised.

After the timer went off, I retrieved the Dutch oven. I placed the short ribs on to a plate, and I cooked some pappardelle.

While the pasta boiled, I shredded the meat before tossing it in the ragù. The glistening piles of short rib made it difficult to avoid snacking. The meat was fatty and earthy, and it had to be shared.

To complete the dish, I combined the pappardelle with the sauce and mixed it until each strand of pasta was evenly coated. Every time I lifted the pasta, the smell of beef, tomatoes, and wine wafted through the air. I don’t remember if I called my guests down to dinner, but by the time the food made it to the dining table, people were seated.

It’s very possible to braise meat and dry it out. The key to braising is to cook low and slow. While my short ribs weren’t dry, they definitely could have been more tender. I have yet to recreate this dish, but when I do, I will reduce the oven temperature to 300 degrees and braise for three hours. Regardless, the final product may have been the best gift given that year.

Plenty of Fish, Not Enough Dough

The fish markets in New York City’s Chinatown are notoriously cheap. One whiff of the fishy city air and it becomes clear why salmon only costs $5 a pound. Who cares where the fish came from when it costs three times as much at Whole Foods?

When my grandfather Eugene Chin came to America from China in 1951, before Chinatown was a stop on a tourist’s trip to New York City, the fish markets were the place to get cheap seafood. The man was poor, young, and hungry. The lifeless bodies of fish with their cloudy eyes and greying scales provided sustenance for someone with a tiny budget. Buy a fillet of fish and feed yourself a meal; buy a whole fish and feed yourself for a week.

The idea of eating every part of the animal wasn’t reserved just for fish. While the duck and chicken carcasses that hung in the windows of restaurants evoked the gag reflexes of some, they triggered the salivary glands in people like my grandfather. The typical parts of the chicken—breasts, thighs, drumsticks—were all good to him, but so were the innards and the body of the chicken itself, which could be transformed into a delicious soup.

My grandfather made a living as a waiter, and it was in the restaurants he worked at where he learned how to cook. The luxuries of today were reserved for the lower class when my grandfather was finding his way in the 1950s. Steak and lobster were cheap, and he ate a lot of it, which might explain his high cholesterol today. That didn’t mean the fish markets of Chinatown weren’t still a necessity for groceries. In the past, as he continues to do today, my grandfather steamed whole fish—whether it be tilapia, salmon, or flounder—with scallions, ginger, and soy sauce. Like most Chinese people, my grandfather serves meals family style with a variety of dishes meant to be shared and eaten over bowls of rice.

A few years ago, my grandfather was diagnosed with Parkinson’s. It’s certainly slowed him down, but it hasn’t stopped him from cooking. At 82, my grandfather still puts dinner on the table every night. His Parkinson’s makes walking difficult for him, so his wife does a lot of the grocery shopping for him. The couple stopped worrying about money long ago, but they still save when they can. Most of the food shopping is done at the local Asian supermarket near their home in Queens. The Chinatown fish markets are too far for either of them, and the fish they get now is fresher and of better quality. And if lobster is on sale, you can be sure they’ll bring some home. My grandfather rarely goes out to eat except for special occasions. If he does go out to dinner, however, you can be certain he’ll order the steak medium-rare with a baked potato.

Dinner has always been the biggest and most important meal to my grandfather. His lunches are almost always leftovers from dinner the night before, and breakfast is rarely more than a cup of coffee with toast. It’s at night when my grandfather sits down to have a proper feast. One that he’s worked so hard to earn.

A Battle That’s Been Brewing for Over 40 Years

Relationships deteriorate over time. And the people who lose out the most are the ones who have no say in the matter. The craft beer industry is thriving in Massachusetts—Boston had 45 breweries in 2011 and 110 in 2016— but the relationship between brewers and distributors is strained. An outdated law and unfair business practices are harming the people that brewers and distributors are trying to serve: the consumer.

The beer industry relies on a three-tier system: brewer, distributor, and retailer. Breweries create the product; distributors purchase the brewers’ products and distribute to retailers; retailers sell the products to consumers. Distributors are more important to breweries than just getting the product into stores and restaurants so customers have access to it. Distributors are responsible for marketing and promoting the brand and product, thereby building the brand’s popularity while increasing the distributor’s profit. Massachusetts’ craft brewers claim that distributors aren’t playing fair.

In the 1970s, when there were only a handful of breweries in Massachusetts, the state passed the franchise law that today has become the center of the debate between craft brewers and distributors. The law locks breweries into a contract with a distributor after a six-month trial period in which the brewer and distributor worked together. When the franchise law was passed, the idea of being locked into a contract was to protect the distributor and everyone who worked for the distributor including marketers, drivers, and warehouse staff. There were only a few breweries in 1970s Massachusetts, so a distributor would likely fail after losing one of its clients.

Almost 50 years later, the ratio of breweries to distributors has flipped. Brewers greatly outnumber distributors, yet the franchise law still stands. So, what do brewers have to fear with the franchise law? Essentially their whole business. Distributors have portfolios of hundreds of clients, and the loss of one partner would not shutter a distributor as it would have in the past. Brewers are still stuck in contracts that may be negatively affecting them or hindering their growth. The franchise law is outdated and needs to be replaced. Brewers need to be able to leave their distributor should they feel they are not getting their products out to the most people. The franchise law is detrimental to the consumer. If brewers can’t get their beers out, then consumers have fewer choices at the bar. A brewer wouldn’t want to leave a distributor that is doing its best to get the brewer’s beers out. If a distributor knows that brewers are stuck with them, then the distributor is less inclined to do the most for the brewers.

President of the Massachusetts Brewers Guild and founder of Night Shift Brewing, Rob Burns is an advocate for changing the franchise law. Brewers like Burns claim that once they’re locked in a contract with a distributor, the distributor favors larger, more profitable breweries, while pushing smaller ones to the side. They also claim that distributors hoard small breweries to expand their portfolio and to keep them out of the hands of competing distributors. Brewers can get out of a bad distributor contract if the distributor tarnished the brand’s reputation, preferred competitors’ items, failed to promote the sale of the item to the best of the distributor’s ability, engaged in improper practices, or failed to comply with the terms of sale. The process of terminating the contract, however, is long and complicated.

Massachusetts Rep. Alice Peisch is pushing for a new bill, H183, that would benefit craft brewers like Burns. She was introduced to the issue by a constituent years ago. She said she found the franchise law unfair, and she has been working to change it ever since. Under her bill, breweries that make up less than 20 percent of a distributor’s product would not be forced to stay with their distributor even after the six-month trial period. While this would benefit small breweries, distributors argue that it would allow larger distributors to steal clients.

“Those that benefit from the current law see no need to change it,” Peisch said. “And making the case for the need to change a very complicated law that does not directly impact most constituents is challenging.”

Distributors also argue that more popular craft breweries will be able to influence distributors not to sell rival craft beer brands because Peisch’s bill allows too much leeway. The Joint Committee on Consumer and Professional Licensure has until February 2018 to make a recommendation on the bill. If the committee responds favorably to the bill, it will pass on to the two branches of legislature for a vote. Finally, it would be up to Governor Charlie Baker to sign the bill in order for it to take effect.

Distributors, however, say they are open to change that would benefit brewers. Rep. John Mahoney is advocating for a bill that would only require breweries that produce more than 30,000 barrels, or 413,000 cases, a year to be affected by the franchise law. While this would keep brewers such as Lord Hobo, Harpoon, and Boston Beer Company under the franchise law regulations, 97 percent of Massachusetts craft brewers would be exempt because they produce less than 30,000 barrels annually. This standard would limit the growth of up-and-coming craft brewers.

“I want to be able to grow,” Brazo Fuerte Artisanal Beer founder Bev Armstrong told Boston magazine. “Why should I be forced to make a decision about staying at 29,000 barrels versus growing?”

Instead of waiting for legislative change to happen, some brewers are taking matters into their own hands. Burns started his own distribution company, Night Shift Distributing, and described it as “by brewers, for brewers.” The distribution company ensures that beers are taken care of from the brewer to the customer. Burns said that his company treats the beer the way the brewer wants it to be treated. Beers are stored cold and shipped in refrigerated trucks.

“We aim to not just sell beer but find homes that are appropriate for each beer,” Burns said. “Most importantly we chose to ignore the archaic franchise laws. If things aren’t working out then we will let a brewer leave. We don’t want to hold them back from doing what is best for their business.”

Years of unfair practices and limited choices for consumers by distributors led to Night Shift Distributing. What may have set off the biggest trigger for craft brewers to fend for themselves was the revelation that the largest distributor in Massachusetts was paying retailers and restaurants to stock its beers.

In 2015, the Massachusetts Alcoholic Beverage Control Commission (ABCC) discovered that Craft Brewers Guild, who is partners with Boston Beer Company and Cambridge Brewing Company among other New England brands, had bribed bars and restaurants to stock its beers. As a result, the ABCC, whose objective is to “provide uniform control over the sale, purchase, transportation, manufacture, and possession of alcoholic beverages in the state,” according to its website, suspended Craft Brewers Guild for 90 days. As part of ABCC policy, however, Craft Brewers Guild was allowed to pay a $2.6 million fine, or half of the profits the distributor would have made during its suspension, instead of suspending their operations.

According to Craft Brewers Guild’s lawyer, these “pay-to-play” policies are common practice within the beer industry. In 2016, the ABCC charged Anheuser-Busch, the largest beer producer in the world, with giving away free gear to restaurants in return for stocking the company’s beers. While you may see a variety of beer brands in a bar, it is possible that they are all under the same distributing company. Mainstream beer brands hog up fridges and tap handles. Small breweries deserve a chance to get their beers into the hands of beer drinkers.

“Because of these pay-to-play deals, I go into a bar and I don’t even get a chance to sell my beer, because somebody with more money has blocked off all the taps,” Burns told The Boston Globe. “I see these places with branded coolers, branded umbrellas — those are expensive. I couldn’t afford to give away five umbrellas to every bar that sells our beer.”

Night Shift Distributing is a solution for craft brewers to get a fair chance to sell their product, as well as for customers to have access to a wider selection of beers, Oxon and Burns said. Small brewers are forced to compete for shelf space with big beer companies such as Anheuser-Busch and MillerCoors that have started to produce their own “craft’ beers that overshadow real craft beers.

“It’s hard to think of any consumer who is helped by this anti-competitive law, which simply means that it’s harder for customers to get new products that might interest them,” former The Atlantic beer columnist James Fallows said. “And it’s obvious that it creates challenges to innovative new companies. Viewed from a distance, this has all the markings of the kind of anti-competitive law that most states have moved beyond over the past generation.”

When large beer producers like Anheuser-Busch bribe their way in to restaurants and bars, it makes it hard for consumers to have any real choice in the beer they drink. Burns said that these large companies bring in their “craft” beers and charge less than actual craft brewers thereby undercutting those brewers’ prices. Consumers end up giving money to one company, despite the illusion that there are so many brands to choose from. Unfair business tactics pose a threat to small breweries. If small breweries are locked in business contracts that don’t have the breweries’ best interests in mind, then companies like Anheuser-Busch will continue to dominate the beer industry. Massachusetts beer drinkers should have access to beers that aren’t just Budweiser and Busch.

Massachusetts is seeing a boom in its craft beer industry with over a dozen new breweries slated to open by the end of 2017, according to Boston Business Journal, which poses the question: Why do distributors need these protections from the current franchise law? A consumer’s next favorite beer may be at one of the upcoming craft breweries, but with no changes to the franchise law yet, they may never get to try it. The franchise law needs to be replaced. Distributors do not need the protections that were effective 40 years ago. The fairest solution would be for brewers to have the freedom to leave distributors whenever they want. And with a steady stream of craft brewer openings in Massachusetts, it’s safe to say that distributors will always find new clients.

“All brewers ultimately want is the ability to choose a business partner they can work with to grow their business,” Burns wrote in an article for Worcester Business Journal. “If the relationship works, then keep it. If it doesn’t, then change it. Simple as that.”

Share a Greek Meal at Committee

Greece is known for its fresh seafood because the country—a series of islands—is surrounded by water. Committee in the Seaport District is located by the water, but the restaurant’s food is far from its source material.

Dishes do not fail as a whole, but some components are poorly executed. Meats can be better seasoned, and accompaniments are sometimes frivolous.

Committee is inspired by Greek ouzeris, taverns specializing in small, shareable dishes, and ouzo, an anise-flavored aperitif popular in the Mediterranean. Committee bears no resemblance to a cozy ouzeri, and looks more like a nightclub with its poor lighting and obnoxiously large bar. While the restaurant offers a selection of ouzo and Greek wines and spirits, the bar churns out generic cocktails with additions that I believe are made to make them more Greek-like, and have less to do with the flavor. An old fashioned has blood orange syrup, and fig is added to a sidecar granting it the name, The Notorious F.I.G ($14). The reference to Biggie Smalls is strange until the restaurant plays one of the rapper’s songs—out of place in an actual ouzeri, but fitting for Committee’s atmosphere.

Since Committee focuses on small plates, there are no entrees, and dishes are brought to the table when ready. A basket of complimentary fluffy, warm pita bread is served immediately after ordering and is a strong start to the meal. The pita is accompanied with a tangy dip of smoked yogurt flecked with sweet Florina peppers— a variety of red pepper native to Greece.

Cauliflower tarama ($9) does not have the pink hue often associated with the cod roe dip. The tarama is thickened with potato and topped with olive oil and cilantro. The dip is gritty with a texture similar to couscous mixed with mashed potatoes. A generous helping of tarama is served with sticks of sesame seed encrusted koulori. The koulori, which is typically circular like a bagel, has the same texture and flavor of its Jewish counterpart. The bread is necessary to tone down the overpowering garlic flavor of the tarama, but with only four sticks of koulori, it is difficult to finish the dip.

Octopus ($18) is grilled and served on a bed of hazelnut puree turned red by the addition of Florina peppers. The octopus is incredibly tender and pairs well with the coarsely ground hazelnuts, but the protein could have benefitted from a sprinkling of salt.

Grilled steak ($18) is sliced and served with barbecue sauce infused with Greek coffee. The steak, served medium-rare despite my server not asking how I would have liked it prepared, is slightly chewy. Like the octopus, the steak is under seasoned. The barbecue sauce has no trace of coffee flavor, despite it being marketed as such on the menu, and tastes only of tomato and vinegar. Charred mushrooms add an earthiness to the dish, but fried leeks do little more than prod the inside of my mouth.

Souvlaki ($18) is served as two skewers of large, tender chunks of lamb that are grilled to a medium. Unlike the steak and octopus, the souvlaki is well-seasoned. The lamb is finished off with a generous helping of oregano, a staple herb in Greek cuisine that somehow had not been used in any of the previous dishes. A small dish of tzatziki with shredded cucumber adds a clean tanginess to the lamb’s char.

None of the dishes at Committee cost more than $20, except for the restaurant’s three variety plates: lamb chops, whole branzino and the poikilia kreaton—a variety of meats. Poikilia kreaton consists of souvlaki, lamb kebab, pork sausages, beef patties stuffed with feta, and chicken souvlaki served with pita, tzatziki, crispy potatoes, and stuffed peppers. When a server carried an order of poikilia kreaton, diners stared in awe at the heaping pile of meat making its way through the restaurant.

The poikilia kreaton exemplifies Committee’s desire to get people to come together and share. For a restaurant that wishes to create a family-like atmosphere of sharing, my server had me feeling like a neglected child. A friendly demeanor when taking my order quickly turned cold and distant once the food started coming out. She was never the one to bring my dishes, and not once did she check in on me. In favor of attending to larger parties, my server neglected to take my payment despite glancing at it multiple times. At one point, I noticed her nudge another server to take my payment, clearing away any desire I had to join this committee again.